To date, basketball is one of the mostthe most popular and entertaining team sports. Its goal is to ensure that the players of rival parties move around the site, guided by special rules, and throw as many balls into the baskets installed on the billboards.
The field in this sport is a flat rectangular surface with a hard surface. It should not have any obstacles or projectiles around the perimeter.
Any official sports platformhas its own standards, which are registered in the code of the relevant federation. The International Basketball Association is called FIBA. It has the right to change the dimensions of the field, the layout, the height of the shields, etc. According to FIBA standards, the dimensions of the basketball court should be 28 meters in length and 15 in width.
On the playing field are two shields with baskets and the corresponding markings. At the edges can be a fence in the form of a high fence (grid) or wall.
Dimensions of the basketball court for publicuse must have a length of at least 26 meters, and width - at least 14. Such game fields may have another 2 meters of stock for races. Thus, sites with dimensions of 30 to 18 m are allowed.
According to the regulations, a deviation in dimensionson 1-2 meters, but on such sportpoleys official competitions can not be held. The size of the basketball court in a school or university can vary from 12 to 16 m in width and from 20 to 28 m in length. The fact is that municipal and amateur halls do not fall under the jurisdiction of FIBA.
The playing field can be conditionally divided into five components, which are outlined by a special contour:
1. Restrictive lines. Conducted along the perimeter of the entire site. Lines that run along the width are called facial straight lines, and those that are along the length of the field are called lateral lines.
2. The central zone, which is a circle. The measurement is carried out along the outer edge. It is placed in the middle of the field with respect to all its 4 sides.
The basketball court must be fromspectators, benches of spare, billboards and other obstacles at a distance of 2 meters or more. Limit the playing field side and front lines. The first represent the width of the rectangle, and the second - its length. At the intersection of lines, there should not be any recognizable contours, as in football. The front side of the site can be from 12 to 16 meters, and the lateral side - from 18 to 30 m.
Before the official competitionsthe FIBA commission pays special attention to the verification of the penalty zone. The marking of the basketball court with the dimensions specified in the regulation must strictly comply with international norms and rules adopted in 2011.
According to these standards, the three-point zone shouldlimited to two parallel lines that begin and end at one front line. The extreme point should be at a distance of 6.25 meters from the center of the opponent's basket. The distance between the points of intersection of the three-point and the front lines is 1,575 m.
The free throw zone consists of limitedareas, which are semicircles with a diameter of 3.6 meters. Indicated on the court by a dotted line from inside and solid - outside (side to the enemy). The center of the zone is in the middle of the penalty line, whose length is 3.6 m. From this area, throws are made after violations of the opponent. It should be noted that the penalty line should be at a distance of 5.8 meters from the edge of the front line.
The basketball court, in addition to the playing field, also includes areas for coaches and substitutes. The zones of benches should be located on the same side as the secretarial table.
Limit lines of length of 2 meters. Zones of benches can be either a rectangle or a square.
It is important that the area of spare is located from the site at a distance of 2 meters or more, and also - at least 1 m from spectators and billboards.
A specialized basketball court isa flat solid surface on which players can move without any obstacles. Therefore, for the field, coverage is so important. It should be strong and elastic, as the pad is constantly experiencing a load in the form of bumps.
The markings and dimensions of the basketball court depend on theAlso from the constructions to which the baskets are fixed. Supports should be from the front line in 2 meters. Stained in contrasting with the walls and the platform itself tone. Supports should be covered with protective material up to a height of not less than 2.15 meters.
Shields are made of wood or monolithicglass thickness of 3 cm. Dimensions - 1.8 to 1.1 meters. They are installed at an altitude of 2.9 m from the site. Marked in the center of the rectangle with such sides: horizontally - 59 cm, in the vertical - 45 cm.