The article describes what a waterline is, what it is needed for and when the law on the mandatory use of one of its varieties was first introduced.
For a very long time, the only and relativelyThe fastest way to travel was to stay in ships. Of course, their use entailed a number of limitations, but there were simply no more convenient and safe alternatives.
Over time, when more or less were inventedreliable navigation devices, people could travel between continents, which was a real breakthrough. Gradually, when the shipbuilders were able to improve the design of the ships, they became mandatory to appear waterline markers. But what is the waterline and why is it needed? This is what we'll look at in this article.
The word is derived from the Dutch language, which is quite logical. After all, this kingdom was one of the first, which was distinguished by the high quality of its fleet.
The waterline is the line along which thecontact of the calm surface of the water with the hull of the ship or other floating vessel. If we consider this term from the point of view of designing ships, then the waterline is the section of the hull by the horizontal plane in the drawing. So now we know what the waterline is.
The waterline is of the following types:
If we talk about the waterline acting, then itis determined depending on many factors, for example, the shape of the hull of the vessel, the density of the material from which it is built, the weight, the water waves and other.
The waterline area can serve to calculatecoefficient of completeness of the shell. However, depending on the load, weather, water density and other factors, the waterline area can vary greatly, and with it the roll and stability of the vessel. If we talk about its length, it serves as a linear dimension in determining the Froude number for vessels with displacement, and hence their speed in theory. Now we know what the waterline is.
However, in more detail we will consider such a version of it as a cargo brand.
In 1890, a similar mark became mandatory on all cargo ships. Unlike other varieties of the waterline, its purpose has a more practical role.
The fact is that before the introduction of such a waterlinemany merchant ships were drowning due to overload, the difference in water density affected, depending on the region, the season, its salinity and other things. Then a cargo waterline was introduced. With its help, the person responsible for loading, calculates the maximum permissible load on the vessel, checking the route, weather conditions, type of water and other parameters. An example of such marks can be seen in the photo below.
Simply put, a load line was introduced forIn order to monitor the loading of the vessel, and if the water is below the waterline, everything is in order. But as already mentioned, it depends on the type of water, seasons and other parameters. In 1890 in Britain, a law was adopted on the mandatory use of a truck brand.
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