In this article we will consider a generatorVAZ-2106. The circuit of its connection is below, but at the very beginning it will be told about the general construction of this device. With its help, mechanical energy is converted into electricity. The main function of the car generator is the product of recharging the battery. It also provides power for all equipment that is in the car, including the engine. On all machines, generators produce alternating current. Only after some transformations it stabilizes and turns into a permanent one.
The generator is located nearthe engine is usually in front of it. The drive is from a pulley located on the crankshaft. On some cars, for example, hybrid, the generator can perform the functions of a starter. The structures of both mechanisms are very similar, therefore some manufacturers try to reduce the number of electric machines. Please note that the connection diagram of the VAZ-2106 generator is the same as that of any other machine.
In all the generators there are certain differences,for example in the housing, rectifier assembly, drive pulleys, but the common elements are virtually identical in all. Constant are the body with bearings in it, a movable rotor that rotates inside the stationary stator. From the latter, the alternating voltage is just removed. No generator can do without a rectifier and voltage regulator.
Most generators are equipped with a brushmechanism. In many designs it is combined with a voltage regulator. The rotor creates a magnetic field, which rotates thanks to the drive belt. The field winding, which is located on the rotor itself, is fed through a voltage regulator. At the rear of the rotor are the rings, which are used to power the winding. Without them, the connection scheme of the VAZ-2106 generator is not working.
In most designs, these rings are madeof pure copper. But sometimes you can come across steel or brass. Also on the rotor there is an impeller, by means of which the airflow of the device is blown. Next to the impeller is attached the drive pulley. In the front and rear covers of the generator there are maintenance-free ball bearings.
An electric current is created in the stator. It has three windings made of copper wire. This wire is wound on a special steel core. As a rule, there are a total of 36 grooves in the generator, in which the winding is laid. It can fit into the grooves in two ways - wave or loop. The windings are connected in accordance with the "star" scheme. This is the most common circuit used in generators on cars. It is worth noting that the connection diagram of the VAZ-2108 generator on the VAZ-2106 does not differ in any way. The only difference is that in the first model the voltage regulator is combined with the brush assembly.
All elements of the mechanism are housed in the body. Actually, the body - it's only two aluminum covers, which are tightened with the help of bolts. The choice of aluminum elements is quite reasonable, since it is not magnetized, it has very low weight, and most importantly - a high degree of heat transfer. With the help of the brush unit, the current is transferred to the rotor winding. Its design consists of a pair of brushes made of graphite, springs, which allow them to be pressed more firmly against the rings on the rotor, and also the brush holder. As it was mentioned earlier, in most modern cars the brush holder and the voltage regulator are assembled in one unit.
The rectifier unit is necessary in order toconvert the alternating sinusoidal voltage generated by the generator into a constant, necessary for powering the entire on-board network. As a matter of fact it is a horseshoe plate in which there are semiconductor diodes. There are only six of them, therefore, there are two semiconductors in the circuit of each phase. The horseshoe plate, on which the diodes are fixed, also serves as a heat sink. With its help, heat is transferred to the body of the generator itself. In some generators, the excitation winding is connected through another circuit consisting of two semiconductors. It should also be mentioned that the connection diagram for the VAZ-2107 generator on the VAZ-2106 is similar, there are no differences.
With the help of this rectifierthe creation of an obstacle to the passage of current from the battery at a time when the engine is not working. In the event that the winding connection is made according to the "star" scheme, two semiconductors must be mounted on the common terminal, this will allow to increase the total capacity of the entire installation by a maximum of 15 percent. The rectifier unit is connected to the generator system by means of mounting pads. Connection is made by bolts, welding, less often by soldering. You can even say that the connection diagram of the starter and VAZ-2106 generator is very similar, only the functions of the nodes are different.
With the help of a voltage regulatorsupport on the excitation winding of a certain value. To date, most generators are stuffed with an integral relay-controller. It should be noted that there can be only two designs of relay-regulators: a hybrid, which uses radio-electronic components, for example zener diodes, resistors, capacitors, and an integrated design in which all the elements that make up the relay regulator are made on a single semiconductor plate . This is the main element of which the VAZ-2106 generator consists. The scheme of connection of semiconductors is given in the article.
The output of the generator generatesstable by the value of the voltage, regardless of the frequency with which the crankshaft rotates, and also what load affects the motor. Stabilization is fully automatic, no intervention by the driver is required. With the help of the regulator, a voltage change occurs, which is applied to the battery to charge it. Therefore it is important to know how to connect the VAZ-2106 generator. The scheme connecting its elements is useful to all owners of this car.
Particular mention should be made of the drive belt. Note that the rotor of the generator rotates faster than the crankshaft. And the difference can be 2-3 times. Depending on which car, a wedge-shaped or poly-V-belt can be used. The first has such a disadvantage as rapid wear. The second is more versatile, the wear is much less, it works very well if the diameter of the pulley is small on the rotor of the generator. Consequently, by means of a poly-V-belt, a faster rotation of the rotor of the generator can be realized. Almost all modern cars are equipped with generator sets with a poly-V-belt. But the VAZ-2106 generator, whose connection scheme is now known to you, is driven by a wedge-shaped belt.
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